When assessing a client with dark skin tones, where should the practical nurse (PN) primarily observe for evaluation?

When assessing a client with dark skin tones, the practical nurse should primarily observe the sclera and mucous membranes for evaluation. This practice is important because changes in color may be more visible in these areas than on the skin itself. For instance, jaundice can be identified in the sclera of the eyes—indicating liver issues—whereas it might not be easily detectable on darkly pigmented skin. Similarly, mucous membranes, such as those in the mouth, can provide vital information regarding hydration and oxygenation status, as they tend to maintain their color contrast better than skin does in individuals with darker pigmentation.

While other options like fingertips and toes, palmar creases, and the forehead and cheeks may provide some data, they are not as reliable for assessing conditions that can alter skin color or indicate systemic issues in darker-skinned individuals. Observing the sclera and mucous membranes allows for a clearer and more accurate assessment of the client's health status in these contexts.