What should the nurse monitor for when caring for a client receiving dexamethasone?

When caring for a client receiving dexamethasone, it is crucial to monitor for signs of infection due to immunosuppression. Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid that suppresses the immune response, which can make the patient more susceptible to infections. This happens because corticosteroids inhibit the activity of white blood cells that are essential for fighting infections, leading to an increased risk of both bacterial and viral infections.

Nurses should observe the patient for any signs and symptoms indicating an infection, such as fever, chills, increased heart rate, or localized signs of inflammation. Early recognition of these symptoms is vital for prompt treatment, as untreated infections can lead to more serious complications, especially in immunocompromised patients.

While monitoring for increased calcium levels, changes in heart rate and blood pressure, and improvements in respiratory function are relevant considerations for overall patient care, they are not as directly linked to the immediate effects of dexamethasone therapy or its associated risks. Dexamethasone primarily poses a risk of immunosuppression, making observation for infection a top priority in these patients.