What are common side effects of opioids?

Opioids are commonly associated with a specific set of side effects due to their mechanism of action in the central nervous system. The correct answer includes constipation, sedation, and respiratory depression.

Constipation occurs because opioids bind to receptors in the gastrointestinal tract, slowing down bowel motility. This can lead to significant discomfort for patients if not managed appropriately. Sedation is another frequent side effect as opioids depress the central nervous system, causing drowsiness and lethargy. Lastly, respiratory depression is a critical concern with opioid use, as these medications can inhibit the brain’s ability to regulate breathing, potentially leading to serious complications, including hypoxia.

The other options include side effects that are either less typical for opioid use or not generally associated with them, thus making the selection of constipation, sedation, and respiratory depression as the most relevant side effects much more accurate.